WIPO Releases 2024 Global Science and Technology Clusters Report

Submitted by song on Sat, 10/05/2024 - 17:06

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Every year, the Global Innovation Index (GII) ranks countries and economies. In a pre-release on September 26, 2024, WIPO identified the world's leading scientific and technological activities and released the top 100 science and technology clusters using patent application and scientific publication data.

The GII science, technology and innovation cluster rankings released in 2024 show that of the top 10 clusters, 7 are in Asia and 3 are in the United States.

Tokyo-Yokohama (Japan) is the largest global STI cluster, followed by Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou (China and Hong Kong, China). Beijing, China, moved up one spot from last year to rank third. In sixth place, San Jose-San Francisco, California, became the leading cluster in the United States. For the second consecutive year, China ranked in the top 100 with the most clusters (26), followed by the United States with 20 clusters.

While the top 10 STI clusters did not change much, the top 100 showed some changes from previous years. Clusters in middle-income economies experienced the strongest STI growth, with the Chinese clusters experiencing the most significant growth in STI output, with Hefei (+23%) and Zhengzhou (+19%) seeing the largest increases. Cairo (Egypt, with an 11% increase in STI output) had the highest growth rate among clusters in other middle-income economies, followed by Chennai (India, +8%) and Istanbul (Türkiye, +8%).

In contrast, clusters in high-income economies grow more slowly, with 37 of the 63 high-income clusters experiencing negative S&T output growth in 2023. Most North American and European clusters decline in the rankings.

Besides China, seven other middle-income economies have tech clusters in the top 100:

Brazil (1), São Paulo (ranked 73rd in the top 100), the only top 100 tech cluster in Latin America;
Egypt (1), Cairo (95th), the only tech cluster in Africa ranked in the top 100;
India (4), Bengaluru (56th), Delhi (63rd), Chennai (82nd) and Mumbai (84th);
Iran (1), Tehran (38th);
Malaysia (2), Kuala Lumpur (93rd) and a shared cross-border cluster with Singapore (33rd);
Russia (1), Moscow (31st); and
Türkiye (2), Istanbul (59th) and Ankara (86th).

The top 15 global science and innovation clusters in 2024 are: